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Filename : apply.py
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#!/usr/bin/python3
#
# Copyright (C) 2018-2020 Canonical, Ltd.
# Author: Mathieu Trudel-Lapierre <mathieu.trudel-lapierre@canonical.com>
# Author: Łukasz 'sil2100' Zemczak <lukasz.zemczak@canonical.com>
# Author: Lukas 'slyon' Märdian <lukas.maerdian@canonical.com>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 3.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

'''netplan apply command line'''

import logging
import os
import sys
import glob
import subprocess
import shutil
import netifaces
import time

import netplan.cli.utils as utils
from netplan.configmanager import ConfigManager, ConfigurationError
from netplan.cli.sriov import apply_sriov_config
from netplan.cli.ovs import apply_ovs_cleanup


OVS_CLEANUP_SERVICE = 'netplan-ovs-cleanup.service'


class NetplanApply(utils.NetplanCommand):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(command_id='apply',
                         description='Apply current netplan config to running system',
                         leaf=True)
        self.sriov_only = False
        self.only_ovs_cleanup = False
        self.state = None  # to be filled by the '--state' argument

    def run(self):  # pragma: nocover (covered in autopkgtest)
        self.parser.add_argument('--sriov-only', action='store_true',
                                 help='Only apply SR-IOV related configuration and exit')
        self.parser.add_argument('--only-ovs-cleanup', action='store_true',
                                 help='Only clean up old OpenVSwitch interfaces and exit')
        self.parser.add_argument('--state',
                                 help='Directory containing previous YAML configuration')

        self.func = self.command_apply

        self.parse_args()
        self.run_command()

    def command_apply(self, run_generate=True, sync=False, exit_on_error=True, state_dir=None):  # pragma: nocover
        config_manager = ConfigManager()
        if state_dir:
            self.state = state_dir

        # For certain use-cases, we might want to only apply specific configuration.
        # If we only need SR-IOV configuration, do that and exit early.
        if self.sriov_only:
            NetplanApply.process_sriov_config(config_manager, exit_on_error)
            return
        # If we only need OpenVSwitch cleanup, do that and exit early.
        elif self.only_ovs_cleanup:
            NetplanApply.process_ovs_cleanup(config_manager, False, False, exit_on_error)
            return

        # if we are inside a snap, then call dbus to run netplan apply instead
        if "SNAP" in os.environ:
            # TODO: maybe check if we are inside a classic snap and don't do
            # this if we are in a classic snap?
            busctl = shutil.which("busctl")
            if busctl is None:
                raise RuntimeError("missing busctl utility")
            # XXX: DO NOT TOUCH or change this API call, it is used by snapd to communicate
            #      using core20 netplan binary/client/CLI on core18 base systems. Any change
            #      must be agreed upon with the snapd team, so we don't break support for
            #      base systems running older netplan versions.
            #      https://github.com/snapcore/snapd/pull/5915
            res = subprocess.call([busctl, "call", "--quiet", "--system",
                                   "io.netplan.Netplan",  # the service
                                   "/io/netplan/Netplan",  # the object
                                   "io.netplan.Netplan",  # the interface
                                   "Apply",  # the method
                                   ])

            if res != 0:
                if exit_on_error:
                    sys.exit(res)
                elif res == 130:
                    raise PermissionError(
                        "failed to communicate with dbus service")
                else:
                    raise RuntimeError(
                        "failed to communicate with dbus service: error %s" % res)
            else:
                return

        ovs_cleanup_service = '/run/systemd/system/netplan-ovs-cleanup.service'
        old_files_networkd = bool(glob.glob('/run/systemd/network/*netplan-*'))
        old_ovs_glob = glob.glob('/run/systemd/system/netplan-ovs-*')
        # Ignore netplan-ovs-cleanup.service, as it can always be there
        if ovs_cleanup_service in old_ovs_glob:
            old_ovs_glob.remove(ovs_cleanup_service)
        old_files_ovs = bool(old_ovs_glob)
        old_nm_glob = glob.glob('/run/NetworkManager/system-connections/netplan-*')
        nm_ifaces = utils.nm_interfaces(old_nm_glob, netifaces.interfaces())
        old_files_nm = bool(old_nm_glob)

        generator_call = []
        generate_out = None
        if 'NETPLAN_PROFILE' in os.environ:
            generator_call.extend(['valgrind', '--leak-check=full'])
            generate_out = subprocess.STDOUT

        generator_call.append(utils.get_generator_path())
        if run_generate and subprocess.call(generator_call, stderr=generate_out) != 0:
            if exit_on_error:
                sys.exit(os.EX_CONFIG)
            else:
                raise ConfigurationError("the configuration could not be generated")

        devices = netifaces.interfaces()

        # Re-start service when
        # 1. We have configuration files for it
        # 2. Previously we had config files for it but not anymore
        # Ideally we should compare the content of the *netplan-* files before and
        # after generation to minimize the number of re-starts, but the conditions
        # above works too.
        restart_networkd = bool(glob.glob('/run/systemd/network/*netplan-*'))
        if not restart_networkd and old_files_networkd:
            restart_networkd = True
        restart_ovs_glob = glob.glob('/run/systemd/system/netplan-ovs-*')
        # Ignore netplan-ovs-cleanup.service, as it can always be there
        if ovs_cleanup_service in restart_ovs_glob:
            restart_ovs_glob.remove(ovs_cleanup_service)
        restart_ovs = bool(restart_ovs_glob)
        if not restart_ovs and old_files_ovs:
            # OVS is managed via systemd units
            restart_networkd = True

        restart_nm_glob = glob.glob('/run/NetworkManager/system-connections/netplan-*')
        nm_ifaces.update(utils.nm_interfaces(restart_nm_glob, devices))
        restart_nm = bool(restart_nm_glob)
        if not restart_nm and old_files_nm:
            restart_nm = True

        # stop backends
        if restart_networkd:
            logging.debug('netplan generated networkd configuration changed, reloading networkd')
            # Running 'systemctl daemon-reload' will re-run the netplan systemd generator,
            # so let's make sure we only run it iff we're willing to run 'netplan generate'
            if run_generate:
                utils.systemctl_daemon_reload()
            # Clean up any old netplan related OVS ports/bonds/bridges, if applicable
            NetplanApply.process_ovs_cleanup(config_manager, old_files_ovs, restart_ovs, exit_on_error)
            wpa_services = ['netplan-wpa-*.service']
            # Historically (up to v0.98) we had netplan-wpa@*.service files, in case of an
            # upgraded system, we need to make sure to stop those.
            if utils.systemctl_is_active('netplan-wpa@*.service'):
                wpa_services.insert(0, 'netplan-wpa@*.service')
            utils.systemctl('stop', wpa_services, sync=sync)
        else:
            logging.debug('no netplan generated networkd configuration exists')

        if restart_nm:
            logging.debug('netplan generated NM configuration changed, restarting NM')
            if utils.nm_running():
                # restarting NM does not cause new config to be applied, need to shut down devices first
                for device in devices:
                    if device not in nm_ifaces:
                        continue  # do not touch this interface
                    # ignore failures here -- some/many devices might not be managed by NM
                    try:
                        utils.nmcli(['device', 'disconnect', device])
                    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                        pass

                utils.systemctl_network_manager('stop', sync=sync)
        else:
            logging.debug('no netplan generated NM configuration exists')

        # Refresh devices now; restarting a backend might have made something appear.
        devices = netifaces.interfaces()

        # evaluate config for extra steps we need to take (like renaming)
        # for now, only applies to non-virtual (real) devices.
        config_manager.parse()
        changes = NetplanApply.process_link_changes(devices, config_manager)
        # delete virtual interfaces that have been defined in a previous state
        # but are not configured anymore in the current YAML
        if self.state:
            cm = ConfigManager(self.state)
            cm.parse()  # get previous configuration state
            prev_links = cm.virtual_interfaces.keys()
            curr_links = config_manager.virtual_interfaces.keys()
            NetplanApply.clear_virtual_links(prev_links, curr_links, devices)

        # if the interface is up, we can still apply some .link file changes
        # but we cannot apply the interface rename via udev, as it won't touch
        # the interface name, if it was already renamed once (e.g. during boot),
        # because of the NamePolicy=keep default:
        # https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.net-naming-scheme.html
        devices = netifaces.interfaces()
        for device in devices:
            logging.debug('netplan triggering .link rules for %s', device)
            try:
                subprocess.check_call(['udevadm', 'test-builtin',
                                       'net_setup_link',
                                       '/sys/class/net/' + device],
                                      stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
                subprocess.check_call(['udevadm', 'test',
                                       '/sys/class/net/' + device],
                                      stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                logging.debug('Ignoring device without syspath: %s', device)

        devices_after_udev = netifaces.interfaces()
        # apply some more changes manually
        for iface, settings in changes.items():
            # rename non-critical network interfaces
            new_name = settings.get('name')
            if new_name:
                if iface in devices and new_name in devices_after_udev:
                    logging.debug('Interface rename {} -> {} already happened.'.format(iface, new_name))
                    continue  # re-name already happened via 'udevadm test'
                # bring down the interface, using its current (matched) interface name
                subprocess.check_call(['ip', 'link', 'set', 'dev', iface, 'down'],
                                      stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)
                # rename the interface to the name given via 'set-name'
                subprocess.check_call(['ip', 'link', 'set',
                                       'dev', iface,
                                       'name', settings.get('name')],
                                      stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                                      stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL)

        subprocess.check_call(['udevadm', 'settle'])

        # apply any SR-IOV related changes, if applicable
        NetplanApply.process_sriov_config(config_manager, exit_on_error)

        # (re)start backends
        if restart_networkd:
            netplan_wpa = [os.path.basename(f) for f in glob.glob('/run/systemd/system/*.wants/netplan-wpa-*.service')]
            # exclude the special 'netplan-ovs-cleanup.service' unit
            netplan_ovs = [os.path.basename(f) for f in glob.glob('/run/systemd/system/*.wants/netplan-ovs-*.service')
                           if not f.endswith('/' + OVS_CLEANUP_SERVICE)]
            # Run 'systemctl start' command synchronously, to avoid race conditions
            # with 'oneshot' systemd service units, e.g. netplan-ovs-*.service.
            try:
                utils.networkctl_reload()
                for _ in range(10):  # wait up to 5 sec for 'reload' to settle
                    time.sleep(0.5)
                    out = subprocess.check_output(['networkctl'], universal_newlines=True)
                    if 'configuring' not in out:
                        break
                utils.networkctl_reconfigure(utils.networkd_interfaces())
            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                # (re-)start systemd-networkd if it is not running, yet
                logging.warning('Falling back to a hard restart of systemd-networkd.service')
                utils.systemctl('restart', ['systemd-networkd.service'], sync=True)
            # 1st: execute OVS cleanup, to avoid races while applying OVS config
            utils.systemctl('start', [OVS_CLEANUP_SERVICE], sync=True)
            # 2nd: start all other services
            utils.systemctl('start', netplan_wpa + netplan_ovs, sync=True)
        if restart_nm:
            # Flush all IP addresses of NM managed interfaces, to avoid NM creating
            # new, non netplan-* connection profiles, using the existing IPs.
            for iface in utils.nm_interfaces(restart_nm_glob, devices):
                utils.ip_addr_flush(iface)
            utils.systemctl_network_manager('start', sync=sync)
            if sync:
                # 'nmcli' could be /usr/bin/nmcli or
                # /snap/bin/nmcli -> /snap/bin/network-manager.nmcli
                cmd = ['nmcli', 'general', 'status']
                # wait a bit for 'connected (site/local-only)' or
                # 'connected' to appear in 'nmcli general' STATE
                for _ in range(10):
                    out = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, universal_newlines=True)
                    # Handle nmcli's "not running" return code (8) gracefully,
                    # giving some more time for NetworkManager startup
                    if out.returncode == 8:
                        time.sleep(1)
                        continue
                    if '\nconnected' in str(out.stdout):
                        break
                    time.sleep(0.5)

    @staticmethod
    def is_composite_member(composites, phy):
        """
        Is this physical interface a member of a 'composite' virtual
        interface? (bond, bridge)
        """
        for composite in composites:
            for _, settings in composite.items():
                if not type(settings) is dict:
                    continue
                members = settings.get('interfaces', [])
                for iface in members:
                    if iface == phy:
                        return True

        return False

    @staticmethod
    def clear_virtual_links(prev_links, curr_links, devices=[]):
        """
        Calculate the delta of virtual links. And remove the links that were
        dropped from the YAML config, if they were not dropped by the backend
        already.
        We can make use of the netplan netdef ids, as those equal the interface
        name for virtual links.
        """
        if not devices:
            logging.warning('Cannot clear virtual links: no network interfaces provided.')
            return []

        dropped_interfaces = list(set(prev_links) - set(curr_links))
        # some interfaces might have been cleaned up already, e.g. by the
        # NetworkManager backend
        interfaces_to_clear = list(set(dropped_interfaces).intersection(devices))
        for link in interfaces_to_clear:
            try:
                cmd = ['ip', 'link', 'delete', 'dev', link]
                subprocess.check_call(cmd)
            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
                logging.warn('Could not delete interface {}'.format(link))

        return dropped_interfaces

    @staticmethod
    def process_link_changes(interfaces, config_manager):  # pragma: nocover (covered in autopkgtest)
        """
        Go through the pending changes and pick what needs special handling.
        Only applies to non-critical interfaces which can be safely updated.
        """

        changes = {}
        phys = dict(config_manager.physical_interfaces)
        composite_interfaces = [config_manager.bridges, config_manager.bonds]

        # Find physical interfaces which need a rename
        # But do not rename virtual interfaces
        for phy, settings in phys.items():
            if not settings or not isinstance(settings, dict):
                continue  # Skip special values, like "renderer: ..."
            newname = settings.get('set-name')
            if not newname:
                continue  # Skip if no new name needs to be set
            match = settings.get('match')
            if not match:
                continue  # Skip if no match for current name is given
            if NetplanApply.is_composite_member(composite_interfaces, phy):
                logging.debug('Skipping composite member {}'.format(phy))
                # do not rename members of virtual devices. MAC addresses
                # may be the same for all interface members.
                continue
            # Find current name of the interface, according to match conditions and globs (name, mac, driver)
            current_iface_name = utils.find_matching_iface(interfaces, match)
            if not current_iface_name:
                logging.warning('Cannot find unique matching interface for {}: {}'.format(phy, match))
                continue
            if current_iface_name == newname:
                # Skip interface if it already has the correct name
                logging.debug('Skipping correctly named interface: {}'.format(newname))
                continue
            if settings.get('critical', False):
                # Skip interfaces defined as critical, as we should not take them down in order to rename
                logging.warning('Cannot rename {} ({} -> {}) at runtime (needs reboot), due to being critical'
                                .format(phy, current_iface_name, newname))
                continue

            # record the interface rename change
            changes[current_iface_name] = {'name': newname}

        logging.debug('Link changes: {}'.format(changes))
        return changes

    @staticmethod
    def process_sriov_config(config_manager, exit_on_error=True):  # pragma: nocover (covered in autopkgtest)
        try:
            apply_sriov_config(config_manager)
        except (ConfigurationError, RuntimeError) as e:
            logging.error(str(e))
            if exit_on_error:
                sys.exit(1)

    @staticmethod
    def process_ovs_cleanup(config_manager, ovs_old, ovs_current, exit_on_error=True):  # pragma: nocover (autopkgtest)
        try:
            apply_ovs_cleanup(config_manager, ovs_old, ovs_current)
        except (OSError, RuntimeError) as e:
            logging.error(str(e))
            if exit_on_error:
                sys.exit(1)